isayensi yokuphila

I-Sterile API

I-APIS isho ikhemikhali elihlinzekwe ngokukhethekile ukuze kukhiqizwe amakhambi;ama-API ayinyumba yilawo angaqukethe ama-microorganisms asebenzayo, njengesikhunta, amagciwane, amagciwane, njll.

i-serile API iyisisekelo kanye nomthombo wamabhizinisi okulungiselela imithi, futhi izinga lokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yokukhiqizwa kwayo lihlobene ngokuqondile nokuphepha kwezidakamizwa; Ukuhambisana kwamakhemikhali kwesici sokuhlunga kuyadingeka ngokuqinile enqubweni yokuhlunga uketshezi olubonakalayo kanye neningi le-solvent. , ikakhulukazi ukuhlunga kwe-solvent egqwalayo.I-Kinda Filtration ihlanganiswe nezinsizakalo zayo zokuqinisekisa inqubo yaselabhorethri, ukuhlinzeka amabhizinisi emithi ngenqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo ngokuhambisana namazinga anqunywe kusengaphambili kanye nezici zekhwalithi zemikhiqizo yokuhlunga.

Ngokomthombo wayo, ama-APIS ahlukaniswe abe yizidakamizwa zokwenziwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nezidakamizwa zamakhemikhali emvelo.

Imithi yokwenziwa ngamakhemikhali ingahlukaniswa ngemithi yokwenziwa engaphili kanye nezidakamizwa zokwenziwa.

Izidakamizwa zokwenziwa kwe-inorganic ziyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic, njenge-aluminium hydroxide ne-magnesium trisilicate yokwelapha isilonda sesisu ne-duodenal, njll.

Izidakamizwa zokwenziwa ze-organic zenziwa ikakhulukazi ngezinto ezingavuthiwe zamakhemikhali aphilayo, ngochungechunge lokusabela kwamakhemikhali emvelo nezidakamizwa (njenge-aspirin, i-chloramphenicol, i-caffeine, njll.).

Izidakamizwa zamakhemikhali emvelo nazo zingahlukaniswa zibe izidakamizwa ze-biochemical kanye nezidakamizwa ze-phytochemical ngokusho kwemithombo yazo.Ama-antibiotic ngokuvamile akhiqizwa ukuvutshelwa kwe-microbial futhi ayingxenye ye-biochemistry.Eminyakeni yamuva, izinhlobonhlobo zemithi elwa namagciwane eyi-semi-synthetic iyinhlanganisela ye-biosynthesis kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali.Phakathi kwama-apis, izidakamizwa ze-organic synthetic zenza ingxenye enkulu yezinhlobonhlobo, isivuno kanye nenani lomkhiqizo, okuyinsika eyinhloko yemboni yamakhemikhali.Izinga le-API linquma ikhwalithi yokulungiselela, ngakho izindinganiso zayo zekhwalithi ziqinile kakhulu.Wonke amazwe emhlabeni enze amazinga aqinile kazwelonke we-pharmacopoeia nezindlela zokulawula ikhwalithi zama-APIS asetshenziswa kakhulu.